Shraddha is one of the five Mahayajnas (great sacrifices) enjoined upon all householders. It is the principal means of repaying the Pitru Rina — the debt owed to ancestors.

The Garuda Purana describes how ancestors in Pitru Loka receive tarpana and pinda as subtle nourishment. The correct performance of Shraddha ensures ancestors obtain merit and good rebirth.

Even if one cannot afford elaborate rituals, the scriptures prescribe minimum observance — a handful of water with black sesame offered with the correct mantra and sincere intent suffices.

※ Content compiled from Garuda Purana, Vishnu Purana, Brahma Purana, and Manu Smriti. Consult your family's sampradaya or a learned Brahmin for lineage-specific variations.